Biography of Dr. Jose Rizal Essay

Jose Rizal’s full name is Dr. Jose Protacio Rizal Merchado Y Alonzo. He is the 7th out of 11 children he is born in June 19 1861 His birth place was calamba, laguna his nationality is Filipino he has 10 or more languages known his contributions are El Filibustirismo , Noli Metangere and the last that he wrote is Mi Ultimo Adios he is the founder of Laliga Filipina and the their news paper la solidaridad he did because of faithfully defending for our nation. Why Dr. Jose Rizal became our National Hero? Dr. Jose P. Rizal became our national Hero because he was able to defend and fought the Spaniards for our country through his books like NOLI ME TANGERE (March, 1877), EL FILIBUSTERISMO (Sept. 18, 1891) AND MI ULTIMO ADIOS (1986) Why we study Rizal? As a Filipino we need to study the life of Rizal not just because he is our National Hero but because his life has great things to share to each and everyone. And as a student who took up the course of Education, studying Rizal will help us to teach our future students who will need the same knowledge and learning that we are looking forward today. How many bachelor courses or degrees of Rizal finish before he become national heroes? Dr. Jose Rizal was able to study 5 bachelor courses in his college life, namely 1. Bachelor of Arts-Ateneo Municipal de Manila (1877 2. Bachelor of Philosophy in Letters- University of Santo Tomas Difference of Noli metangere and El Filibusterismo 1. rizal dedicated noli to the philippines while el fili was dedicated to the GOMBURZA. 2. noli is a novel about society. it discusses the different diseases that the philippines experienced during the spanish era like colonial mentality and the unjust treatment of friars to the indios. el fili is a political novel which discusses the reign of the greed. Noli Me Tangere †¢ Influenced by Eugene Sue’s The Wandering Jew †¢ Uncle Tom’s Cabin – Harriet Beecher Stowe †¢ Bible †¢ Describing the Philippines under the Spanish Government and Church †¢ Jose Rizal was a student in Univiersidad Central de Madrid †¢ House of Paterno – every propagandist will give a chapter as theircontribution †¢ But the propagandist wants to write about women in Europe and aboutgambling †¢ Rizal wrote it by himself †¢ â€Å"Don’t touch me†, Huwag mo kong salingin †¢ It should be in the gospel of John instead of Luke â€Å"Araw ng Pagkabuhay† /Resurrection with St. Mary of Magdalene †¢ It was made in Madrid, Paris and Germany †¢ Lost chapter in Elias at Salome †¢ Finished in 1887 Berlin †¢ 2000 copies for P300 borrowed from Maximo Viola †¢ Copies were given to Ferdinand Blumentritt, Graciano Lopez, Mariano Ponceand Felix Hidalgo †¢ The galley proof was given to Mr. Viola as sense of gratitude †¢ Dedicated to the Philippines †¢ Social Cancer †¢ Chapter 1 – House of Kapitan Tiyago †¢ Characters: Crisostomo Ibara son of Don Rafael Ibarra – friend of Kapitan Tiyago (owner of the house) †¢ Ma. Clara – lover of the main character †¢ Padre Damaso-fat Franciscan curate of San Diego †¢ Padre Sibyla – Dominican friar of Binondo †¢ Senyor Guevarra – Tenyente †¢ Don Tiburcio de Espadana and Donya Victorina †¢ Easy reading, more of action and motion (Voltairian EL FILIBUSTERISMO †¢ Motivated by the Calamba affair and not by his experience in his studentyears †¢ Both Noli and El Fili shows strong anti-Clerical and even anti-Catholic color †¢ It discredit the colonial government and religious institutes †¢ A weapon used by a rationalist liberal of the 19 †¢ century would use †¢ Made in Brussels Belgium in Ghent with Jose Alejandrino and EdilbertoEvangelista †¢ With the help of Valintin Ventura †¢ Dedicated to Gomburza †¢ Noli – love story, El Fili – revenge and anger †¢ Both show situation of the Philippines during the Spanish Period †¢ Idea of liberalism, Freedom and Revolution †¢ Thoughtful, discursive and dialectical †¢ Effects of Leonor Rivera, Calamba Controversy, M.H del Pilar †¢ El Fili students – humorous, critical, serious, optimist, frivolous, pessimists,industrious, indifferent, noisy, silent, leaders and followers †¢ Students discussing and debating – defeat of their cause †¢ Plans of students – revolution Meaning of El Filibusterismo and Noli Metangere El Filibusterismo, also known by its English alternate title The Reign of Greed, is the second novel written by Philippine national hero Josà © Rizal. It is the sequel to Noli Me Tangere and like the first book, was written in Spanish. Nilo Metangere That came from the Bible. Jesus said that to Mary Magdalene, when she tried to touch Him when He rised from the dead. Jose Rizal used that phrase as a title because first, he read the bible himself. Second is he used it as a figure of speech. The title simply meant, â€Å"If you touch me, I will fight back†. Our teacher in Philippine literature said in our class once that he compared the Philippines at the time of the Spaniards as a cancer patient. And that cancer patients are pretty hostile. When touched (which oftentimes feel very painful for them) would be mad at the one who touched him. Jose Rizal used this as a message to the Filipino people. He was encouraging Filipinos to stand up and fight back..

Interpersonal conflict in the movie “Hitch Essay

Conflict between people is a part of life and it is not necessarily a bad thing. I believe a relationship with frequent conflict may be healthier than one that seems to completely perfect or does not have any observable conflict. Conflicts can occur at many different levels of interaction, work, among friends, family members, and intimate relationships. When conflict occurs a relationship can be weakened or strengthened depending on the conflict and its resolution. Thus, conflict is a very critical event in the course of any relationship. Conflict can cause resentment, hostility, and perhaps end a relationship if it is handled poorly. However, conflict can be productive, lead to deeper understanding, mutual respect and closeness if it is handled well. I believe that the determination of whether a relationship is healthy or unhealthy does not depend on the number of conflicts between people, but on how the conflicts are handled and resolved. In the movie Hitch (Mordaunt & Tadross, 2005) I noticed the interpersonal conflict of lack of communication between the character Alex (Hitch) and Sara. In the movie they started to date and really got to like each other however, they both failed to disclose some very personal and important facts about one another. The most important thing in a healthy relationship is good communication and self –disclosure which both parties failed to do effectively. Both parties were dodging around the true aspects of their jobs. However, they were both very cautious about what they told each other and this eventually created a big problem in their relationship. The conflict actually started when a friend of Sara’s fills like she was dumped by her boyfriend due to the advice of a date specialist known as the â€Å"Date Doctor†. Sara later finds out that the man that she has a relationship with (Hitch) is the â€Å"date doctor†. Sara confronts Hitch and ask him if he is  indeed the â€Å"date doctor† he confirms that he is and tries to explain to her what he does. She refuses to listen and the fight begins. When she calms down and tries to talk to him he blows her off and refuses to listen. Finally, in the end they work things out. I believe that if Sara had been more open and really disclosed what she was trying to do they could have avoided the conflict that happened between them. Hitch could have been more open about what his job really consisted of and this may have given her more understanding on what he tries to do for people. The conflict may have been avoided if after Sara found out that he was the â€Å"date doctor† she had given time to explain and may have been reassured he was not trying to hurt people but make love connections. Instead they both chose to be stubborn and not communicate with other causing a lot of hurt and misunderstanding in their relationship. It is our interest to maintain relationships that are smooth, flexible, and mutually enhancing. The problem occurs when we fail to use cooperative approaches in our dealings with others. People do not create conflict intentionally. It sometimes happens because we are not aware of how our own behavior contributes to interpersonal problems. Sometimes we feel so exasperated that we focus on our own needs at expense of others. Then we find ourselves in conflict within our relationships. To prevent conflict from happening it is important to identify the ways in which we contribute to the disagreement and work on how you say things. Have a discussion (listen) to understand both sides of the problem and try to resolve it. In a relationship a person should be ready, willing and able to communicate their inner thoughts and feelings to one another. Communication is a key role in any healthy relationship, whether it is platonic, or intimate. RESOURCES www.livestrong.com/article/157478 www.drbalternatives.com/articles/cc2.html Mordaunt, W. Tadross, M. (Executive Producers), & Tennant, A. (Director). (2005). Hitch [Film]. Los Angeles: Sony Pictures

Marketing to the Bottom of the pyramid Case Study

Marketing to the Bottom of the pyramid - Case Study Example In accordance with the issues discussed in the paper thinking about the â€Å"bottom of the pyramid† can lead us to create an impossibly low-cost yet a high-quality new and robust business model. A sound marketing strategy directed towards the people at the bottom of the pyramid (BOP) can help the company to provide cheaper products and enhanced access to technology thereby providing the necessitous people with an opportunity to become entrepreneurs and educate them. This can be viewed as a mutual benefit process, given that it will provide the company with a huge market as a source of revenue stream. Alongside giving the company a top-line revenue growth, cost saving and innovations will also influence the existing business models and management practices of the company. But one thing that the management needs to be well aware of is the fact that selling into BOP markets is difficult and the hardest part is to continue the work responsibly and consistently. Being a highly une xplored market, the strategy has to be formulated in such a way that it brings real benefit to the impacted communities as well as the company. However, in order to ensure that, the company should follow important guidelines and lessons from leaders in the industry known to have set examples of successful expansion in the BOP market. Prahalad had coined the term BOP, referring to a population which is largely ignored by the private sector in terms of providing services. As such, the author had identified the market as prospective and it had become the next segment of increased attractiveness for firms. The author highlighted the huge size of the market in terms of its population cover and its elevated purchasing power and thus, many companies identified a prospective opportunity to serve this market and become profitable. Different market segments require different approaches and so does the BOP market as it is a largely unexplored area. Consumers in this category are becoming deman ding and sophisticated. Thus, the management has to understand that although producing low cost product is a significant factor which is essential for marketing in this segment, it is not the only expectation that consumers have (Barki and Parente 11–23). Market development approach The primary task that the company needs to initiate is converting of the BOP consumers from unorganized and inefficient to just the opposite. This is a crucial strategy as it will help the company to elate the benefits for the market if the company is allowed to do business with them. The primary requirement is for the consumers and the company to be on the same pathway. Both the consumers and the company need to have a common belief in order to completely align their requirements and objectives. The approach should include a broader perspective ensuring a long term development and sustainability of the concerned parties. In order to convert the BOP consumers into organized and efficient, the mana gement has to ensure the development of a robust infrastructure as the inadequacy of the same leads to inefficiency. Besides that, in order to thrive in the lower income market, the company has to formulate strategies that enhance the buying power of the end consumers (Mardh and Correia â€Å"Marketing Mix Strategies towards the Bottom of the Pyramid: a study of the Brazilian market†). This will help the company to convert the purchasing power of the consumers into their profit. In return, they can eradicate poverty by bringing prosperity to the poor. Product innovation and consumer education have to be effectively carried out in order to foster aspiration in the minds of the consumers. Better

Reflection Paper ( Business Ethics for Leaders ) Case Study

Reflection Paper ( Business Ethics for Leaders ) - Case Study Example In the given case of Pinto Fires, the questions have been answered in a broader context. There are possibilities that some of the steps of decision making process may not be incorporated directly, but it will be ensured that their core essence remains implicit while reaching at the conclusion. In my personal opinion, the philosophical approach adopted by recall coordinator in his recommendation to continue with the production of the Pinto is Relativism. According to this ethical theory, it is not necessary that moral values of one person must coincide with the moral values of the other person. A particular instance may be ethically valued to a particular person but it does not mean that the other person should agree with that decision. In this particular case of Pinto Fires, what recall coordinator and Ford company thought was totally related to their own interest. As part of the company policy, Ford needed to launch such a model in automobile industry which could perform better than competitor’s models in terms of market share, competition and profitability. The element which was not a concerning issue to Ford, was the safety measures for its users. Having car accidents in the country is not something for which the company can be accused liable; neither it’s a worrisome issue for automobile companies. Normally drivers of cars are found guilty of negligence while driving car in a reckless manner. Since it is a normal practice for an automobile company to launch a model which is free of any fault, but that was not the case with Ford’s newly launched model, Pinto. At the time of crash testing eight out of eleven units of the Pinto went through deadly destructions. Despite of being aware of this shocking fault in the fuel tank of Pinto, yet the company decided to commence its commercial production. Since safety was not the top most priority of the company, it resulted in heavy destructions of the cars, increment in number of accidents, and above all the

Unit 8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Unit 8 - Essay Example Police officers are now using most of their resources and time for training in readiness for future possible terrorist attacks. The police are also gathering information and intelligence needed to prevent and stop terrorist attacks. The police’s responsibility of emergency response to terrorism takes precedence over other duties (Delattre 2006). Disagreements have emerged following the 2001 terrorist attacks. One of such disagreements is how much information and intelligence should federal agencies share with the police and state. The point of sharing information results from the fact that the FBI holds their information too much. Criminal information and intelligence must be shared across jurisdictions and agencies in the country. It results from the fact that information sharing is crucial in effecting antiterrorism. Police officers interact with the society that enables them to exchange information and gather intelligence. The intelligence and information gathered is important to other agencies including the FBI (Delattre 2006). While still in their line of duty, police officers are required to exhibit the recommended law enforcement behaviours in fighting terrorism and maintaining personal liberties. Disagreements have arisen on how the police ought to operate when collecting intelligence on terrorism. While part of their function is protecting civil liberty, there is rising criticism on how terrorism suspects should be handled. There are disagreements on the use of force in gathering information related to terrorism activities. Using force means that the police will torture individuals while gathering information. Using torture while interrogating people and suspects are wrong as the officers will be acting against their basic responsibility of upholding the people’s personal liberties (Delattre, 2006). Antiterrorism cannot be tackled by the Federal single handed. The federal requires assistance from the police and other law

The purpose of the study is to observe whether proper methods and Case

The purpose of the is to observe whether proper methods and techniques of Financial Statements preparations are used in Mi - Case Study Example The Board may also pay specific attention to how well management is employing information to feedback about its operations, to propose new strategies and to make decisions. Operating and financial statements of MFI will report on a quarterly / monthly basis, including a set of carefully selected indicators for identifying progress against financial goals of the MFIs social objectives and operations plans. These financial and operating reports should give the top management of MFI an exhaustive and focused portrait of MFIs progress as regards to its triple bottom line. In this study, I will be analysing in detail about whether proper methods and techniques of Financial Statements preparations are used in Microfinance Institutions in order to help the CEOs with data pertinent to day-to-day operations and decision making. (Goldberg & Palladini 30) 2. â€Å"Purpose of the study â€Å" â€Å"The purpose of the study â€Å"is to observe whether proper methods and techniques of Financia l Statements preparations are used in Microfinance Institutions in order to help the CEOs with data pertinent to day-to-day operations and in decision making. Thus, the main aim of this research study is to make recommendations for appropriate financial standards, keeping in mind the professionals in the sector who may be required to have a preface to the implications and the depth of such financial standards. 3. ... This again corroborates that MFI should pay more attention to prepare its financial statements with the above specific requirements well within the time limit. (Ledgerwood & White 313). CAMEL system was first perused by the bank regulators in North America to assess the managerial and financial soundness of the commercial financial institutions in U.S.A. MFI are using the CAMEL appraisal norms and grade five provinces of managerial and financial performance. It includes the following Asset quality Capital Adequacy Management Liquidity management Earnings Employing the original CAMEL’s conceptual framework, â€Å"ACCION international structured its own apprising strategy.† â€Å"The ACCION CAMEL model assesses the analogues five provinces but the ratings and indicators mirror the conditions and challenges of the microfinance industry. â€Å"ACCION CAMEL methodology needs the MFI to offer the following information: Cashflow and budget projections Financial statements pr epared in accordance with GAAP Portfolio aging schedules Funding sources Operations and staffing Microeconomic data With the above information from the financial statements of MFI, the ACCION CAMEL makes the following fine-tuning: 1) loan write-offs, 2) loan loss provision 3) Impacts of inflation 4) explicit and implicit studies 5) accrued interest income . Further, it rates and analyses twenty-one major pointers with every pointer accorded with a separate weighting. (Goldberg & Palladini: 13). Management Information System (MIS) is one another area that is required to be fortified in the microfinance sector and Information Technology can make a huge difference in this province. Now, there are available IT solutions,

The European sovereign debt crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The European sovereign debt crisis - Essay Example in the minds of many is how the financial debt crisis of the few countries could have caused such a global debt scare, yet those countries are not even the major economies of the Euro Zone. Thus, this discussion seeks to analyze how the financial debt crisis that started with the few countries eventually affected the whole of the Euro zone. The analysis will focus on two major areas of the financial markets; the bond markets and the foreign exchange, as the notable areas affected by the debt crisis. In this respect, the contagion process of the debt crisis from the few countries to the whole of the Euro zone will be analyzed. Greece is the major player as far as the European sovereign debt crisis is concerned, considering the fact that it is only when the sovereign debt crisis of Greece came to the fore that the real financial crisis facing the Euro zone started being considered. By the turn on the 20th century, Greece was one of the first growing economies in Europe (Fouskas, 27). However, the financial crisis of 2007/08 affected Greece notably, because its economy was dependent on tourism and exports, which slowed down as a result of the financial crisis, thus slowing down the economic growth in the country. To address this slow-down, the Greece government increased its spending in the economy, which in turn increased its sovereign debts (Fouskas, 132). The increased sovereign debt of Greece meant that the country’s budget deficit was increasingly becoming higher, compared to the country’s GDP. This effectively increased the borrowing rates of the country, which rose to a point where it b ecame clear that the country would no longer be able to borrow from the internal markets, while at the same time indicating a high possibility of sovereign debt default (Armingeon and Kai, 424). In reaction to the high sovereign default risk by Greece, the credit rating of Greece was downgraded to junk status, also known as the BB+, which effectively meant that the

Greenwashing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Greenwashing - Essay Example This essay is meant to make a travel through the realities of the profit-bothered present day business world and the upshot that is facing the next generation. There is no doubt that a unit of production of anything has to compromise with their controls to reduce garbage; however, the efforts it is willing to take to control the mishandling of such industrial wastes discriminates among the standards of various companies. In this alarming context, it becomes a collective responsibility of the people to protect their environment in order to get rid of the hazards in any form. If a standardized approach to ensure the shielding of environment is concerned, there arises the need for initiating the efforts to ensure the widely approved ‘green washing’ trials to save the earth from further degradation. To uncover the fact of social wellbeing lying in the core of every collective human effort, businessmen of the current time have to realize that the profitability of their motive s takes the right path only when the social requirements are fulfilled. The efforts of the visionaries to invoke the retailer giants and their sources are taking a better lead in the recent past as more and more customers are turning green-friendly by acting upon the need for refreshing the environmental conditions either directly or indirectly, thanks to their identification of most potential threats (The sins of greenwashing). However, the preference of customers to adopt a particular product that serves a specific purpose takes a categorical influx of differentiated opinions about making the right choice. In fact, it is not predictable as to what proportion of the customers is satisfied with most of the products they use daily. The need for a rethinking has to be identified with the managements of businesses that are directly dealing with the routine needs of the buyers in which they can implement trials on improving their social identity as responsible entities. The alarming fac t of uncontrollably increasing domestic garbage and the plastic disposal are the greatest actors in the challenges against the world nowadays. Many countries have recently developed a mechanism to promote the idea of protecting the environment by urging the common public as well as the visitors to adopt nature-friendly lifestyles. However, there are many witnesses from actual recipients of the evil face of many of the hoteliers and restaurant owners who comfortably compromise with their standards of such an ‘all green’ operation of their businesses. From the experience note of Lane (2011), it is so indicative as he says that most of such posters and catalogues that declare the ‘noble’ causes of behind the ‘love-all-green’ urges of the owners are no more beneficial than saving their cost-cut tactics by reducing the use of electricity and water whereby creating inconvenience to the guests. In most of the situations where the organizers of tours a nd holidays prepare sincere campaigns against the use of materials disastrous to the natural conditions of their own locations, plastic bags and containers are still a notable item of their trade. Developed countries like

Final Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Final Exam - Essay Example Leibniz essay was in response to an earlier publication of Pierre Bayle who argued that the presence of evil in the world proved that God was not all good. The study of Theodicy involves studying and understanding the concept that God allows humans to suffer even though He is good and omnipotent. This has baffled many philosophers for ages and many students of theology have given several explanations and understanding. The four main theodicy are enestological, protological, eschatological and Christological. Enestological theodicy focuses on the present time. It states that in spite of the existence of evil in the world God conquers evil with His goodness at all times. Eschatolological theodicy is the belief that suffering is temporary and God will bring an end to suffering sometime in the future. This reasoning predicts that good will be compensated ultimately. The righteous will be vindicated in the end. Protological theodicy looks at Gods plan for humanity. The Garden of Eden serves as an example of this type of theodicy. God had everything planned for humanity. Everything was provided including food and companionship but man had a choice other than what God’s plan for him. Christological theodicy concentrates on the goodness of God rather than on righteousness. It looks at God’s grace and how His love surrounds us. If one examines the life of Christ it is filled with images of His love and grace rather than of Him being judgmental. The prophets in the Old Testament share similar views about suffering. One common theme is that suffering comes from man’s disobedience to God’s will. Moses continually told the people about the consequences of obedience as well as disobedience. â€Å"If you continue to heed the voice of the Lord, your God and are careful to observe all His commands which I enjoin on you today, the Lord, your God will raise you high above all the nations of the earth† (Deuteronomy 28:1). On the other hand he also

Beatrice and Catherine Essay Example for Free

Beatrice and Catherine Essay If I have to act as Eddie in the play A view from the bridge, I would try to show the audiences the character of an ordinary hard workingman and his outer appearance would be tough and strong. His clothes would be in normal darkish colours, nothing spectacular. He would appear as a decent middle age man maybe with beards and slightly overweight. His tone of voice would be deep and mysterious with a strong Italian accent which can gains respect and draws attention from other people. From the text Eddie is highlighted among them shows that Eddie is treated as a respectable man by his friends and is powerful enough to control people around him. I also think that Eddie is a stubborn man from the text I cant. I cant talk about it. I got nothing to sat about it He kept denying his feelings, which forced him to hide his unsuccessful marriage. When acting Eddie the character personality should hot tempered when hes not please about something and bossy when he wants something to go his way. He moves, wanting to beat down her evident disapproval of him Eddies stage direction tends to make audiences think of him as a controller. The book also presents him as a family man, he worked hard for the Beatrice and Catherine and wants whats best for them. I supported you for this long I support you a little more shows that Eddie is care for his family, often over protective. Eddies thoughts and speeches can be sarcastic sometimes such as when he refers to Rodolfo And with that wacky hair; hes like a chorus girl or sumpm Eddie also represents a bird singing in the cage to try and gain attention. Most of the speeches he makes often are demanding ones that show the selfishness thoughts like I dont like it! The way you talk to me and the way you look at me. This is my house! I want my respect. I think that Eddie is also unpredictable when he is confused and nervous like when he called the Immigration Bureau in the middle of an Italian community that prides itself on protecting illegal immigrants which is opposite from the beginning of the play when Eddie is proud to protect Beatrice s cousins. Beatrice: Throughout the play the characteristic of Beatrice is very wifely and motherly. This can be seen in most of the scene, shes always be working in the house whether its cooking or cleaning. My thought of Beatrice would be aged around thirty-five to early forty in the play. From studying the play I am convinced that Beatrice is a trustworthy, sensible and generous lady. Im just worried about you, thats all Im worried. This extract shows that Beatrice is a kind and caring woman. It shows her emotional part and her sensitive heart. Beatrice had always been supportive of her family like when Catherine got a job she even persuades Eddie to let Catherine take the job. If I had to act as Beatrice in the play. I would remain as calm as possible when Eddie is upset about Catherine or Rodolfo because the play shows Beatrice as a believer. I would try to believe that Eddies feelings for Catherine will pass away soon and everything would be normal again. Beatrice is also represents the voice of reason in the play. She occasionally gives advice to Catherine and her husband, Eddie. Her appearance would be like a normal housewife with ordinary lady clothes. The tone of voice that I will use would be a warm and kind voice. In my view Beatrice can be serious when she s under pressure or being pushed around by Eddie I dont wanna hear no more about it, you understand? From Beatrice s speech in act two So I moved them out, what more do you want? You got your house now, you got your respect. From this speech she represents a peacemaker who try to make the tense, bitter situation of the family better although she failed. At the end of the play when Eddie died Beatrice remains faithful from the extract He dies in her arms, and Beatrice covers him with her body Catherine: If I have to act as Catherine in A View from the bridge, I would try to express the feelings of a young adult whos not a complete teenager neither a fully grown up adult that tries to find her own way to become independent. The character would be aged around seventeen to twenty. Her appearance would be a young, sweet and good-looking lady. Her dressing sense would appear to be fashionable like the high street working women. I think that Catherine is shown in the play as a perfect daughter of a family. She respects Beatrice well especially Eddie. I know him and now Im supposed to turn around and make a stranger out of him? I dont know why I have to do that the extract shows that Catherine never loose her faith or respect in Eddie. In some parts of the play she appears to be frightened by Eddie Desperately, as though he had made his imprint. She rushes to the house. This stage direction shows that Catherine is scare of what Eddie had said. At the end of the play when Eddie is stabbed by his own knife, Catherine still respect for him. Eddie. I never meant to do nothing bad to you.

Europe Between Secularization And Christianity Religion Essay

Europe Between Secularization And Christianity Religion Essay Can we still today perceive Europe as the last shelter of secularism? Is the position of Religion as we used to know it a personal matter that should not appear on the public space and even play a role at the state? In the year 2007 an international conference was organized at the Libera Università   degli Studi HYPERLINK http://www.luspio.it/HYPERLINK http://www.luspio.it/San Pio VHYPERLINK http://www.luspio.it/ in Rome to think about the nature and development of the European political thought after 1989 between globalization and new humanism. One of the main issues discussed was a question of how the different political and philosophical cultures have come back to questions about religions role in public sphere. In addition to the issue of identity, this is the central intellectual question of our times and one of the most exciting new zones of interdisciplinary research and studies in both European and non European studies and even in some postcolonial research centers. It seems quire relevant to ask these questions with the quite few issues that sprung up with the unification and Europeanization processes between more than 27 states now of the continent those new big and tremendous wars that lasted for decades. In his article A new Humanism in Europe between Secularism and the Return of Religion Dnillo Brechi reported that even most renown intellectuals of atheism and secularism have started to raise questions about the limits of secularism. religions such as Judaism and Christianityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Habermas is more and more sceptical about the thesis of an unstoppable secularization of the West, if not of the entire world. On the contrary, the last years have shown how secularized Europe is much more of an exception than a rule.1 One of the main drives for these questions about Europes secularism is that dialectic on European identity and the position of religion in the unified constitution in addition to the big refusal and rejection of Turkeys to join the European Union and which is a rejection see http://www.telospress.com/main/index.php?main_page=news_articleHYPERLINK http://www.telospress.com/main/index.php?main_page=news_articlearticle_id=195HYPERLINK http://www.telospress.com/main/index.php?main_page=news_articlearticle_id=195article_id=195 most probably due to the fact of Turkey being a Muslim country. Words like Lord God, Christian Patrimony, and Christian Club in the European constitution project appeared to put European secularism in doubt despite the continuous talk about the commitment to secularism. This idea has been reinforced by claims and declarations of personalities and European parties about accepting turkeys joining the European Union as a threat to the idea of Europe as a Christian Club. 2. Christian Religion in the unified constitution The dialectics of Christianity and secularism appear in the very daily practices of political and social institutions in a competitive yet complex manner. In his Religion and Modernization: Sociologists and Historians Debate the Secularization Thesis, Bruce Steve wrote Where Culture, identity, and sense of worth are challenged by a source promoting either an alien religion or rampant secularism and that source is negatively valued, secularization will be inhibited. Religion can provide resources for the defense of a national, local, ethnic, or status group culture. Again, Poland and the Irish Republic are prime examples, but Ulster can also be included, as in more attenuated form can other dual societies, or the peripheries of secularizing societies, resistant to the alien encroachment of the center. In the united kingdom, for example, the greater attachment to their religious institutions of the welsh and still more of the scots evidences this factor. The national culture and ident ity are associated with presbytery and chapel against the attempted cultural domination of metropolitan secularity. In Northern Ireland, rates of church involvement are highà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ pp 17. 2 The involvement of religion is today more apparent as pressures started to insist on the Christianity of Europe in the unified constitution since the European conference in 2003. This also appeared in the discussions related to the issues of abortion and teaching religion in schools then also with the enlargements and the inclusion of Eastern European countries known for their excessive religiosity like Romania, Bulgaria and Poland. p 17; Bruce, Steve, ed. Religion and Modernization: Sociologists and Historians Debate the Secularization Thesis. Oxford: Clarendon, 1992 This later instigated many troubles for this purpose and supported the current that calls for a Christian Europe with the increase of talks about accepting Islamic Turkey into the Union with its very dense population which in its turn created some fears and worries about the dissemination of Islam at the extent of Christianity. The Ex French president Valery Giscard dEstaing who presided the conference tried to find a solution accepted by everyone without affecting the stable secular roof especially with the French insistence on the principle of secularism. He actually suggested three norms included in article 51 related to the churches and religious organizations: The European Union should respect the position of churches, organizations and existing religious groups inside the member states. The European Union should respect the position of organizations with philosophical beliefs. The European Union should be committed to open a wide, honest and organized dialogue with churches and organizations, in recognition to their identity and participation. Despite the medium solutions that contrast with secularism, looking at the problem proves a special characteristic and existence of religion, regardless of its bias to Christianity, it does in fact contradict the article included in the constitution3 related to the freedom of expression and religious beliefs which permits the freedom of beliefs without prejudices or favorism. The bias to Christianity is however clear in the direct pointing out to the Christian religion and church members without mentioning other religious institutions. All the articles and norms mention particularly the word Church instead of religious institutions add to that the fact that opening a dialogue with the church means implicitly recognizing its role in the issues and matters of the Union. See Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe, Official Journal of the European Union, C 310, Volume 47, 16.12.2004. (HTML/PDF) or go to http://www.unizar.es/euroconstitucion/Treaties/Treaty_Const.htm 3. The Truth of European secularism Despite the continuous European insistence on the principle of secularism, the actual and concrete reality proves the strong existence of the Christian background even in public spaces that is supposed to be far from religion according to the secular text that means the complete split between religion and the state a reason why Turkey is refused integration into the EU. Another contradiction is that although the Turkish Constitution4 dictates the secularity of the state, many countries among the EU blames it for what they call an incomplete commitment to the principles of secularism. They blame Turkey for teaching religious courses at schools and making it obligatory and also for paying the teachers from the government budget. They also accuse Turkey of not respecting the rights of minorities and discriminating between them on a religious basis favoring the Sunnah to the other minorities and privileging some cultural and political rights of some minorities to the others like Orthodox, Catholics and Armens. The other contradiction is that this happens elsewhere in many of the European countries that claim secularism. Italy for example, insists on teaching Christianity in the public schools and hire priests from the churches to teach Christianity and get paid from the government. While describing Italy, L. Mariotti wrote in his book Italy: Past and Present From the Earliest period of Christianity, [until todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.] Italy seemed to be designed to be its chief seat, its august metropolisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ p 34. 5. Also, the sate allows people to pay some of the taxes to the churches and present some subsidies to help them build new churches and religious places. Italy also allows schools to get funds and subsidies. The church marriages in their turn are more respected than the civil ones. In England as well, the queen is considered the head of the church, she also supports inter-faith relations, often meeting with leaders of other religions, and granting her personal patronage to the HYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Council_of_Christians_and_JewsCouncil of Christians and Jews and is considered as Defender see part I article II, c1 of the Turkish Constitution at http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_Turkey#2.1 Mariotti,  L. Italy Past and Present. London: Oxford University, 1994 of the Faith6. The queen has many exceptional privileges apart from the tax exonerations. It is a fact that 26 members of the board of lords in UK are priests from churches. The same thing applies to Denmark whose parliament includes a number of priests from the church and are nominated by a minister called minister of church affairs. What is more is that secular parties in most Europe do not oppose the Popes agreements between the church and the state, especially the Vatican. These agreements usually give a specific position to the religion in the state via legal texts. In February of the year 1984, Italy signed an agreement with the Vatican that gives a specific value to the religious culture and takes into consideration the catholic principles which is indeed a part of the historical patrimony of the Italian peoples. In an article entitled Religion in Italian Schools: how it is taught, and to Whom?, we read The Italian Republic, recognizing the value of religious culture, and keeping in mind that the principles of Catholicism are part of the historic patrimony of the Italian people, will continue to assure, among the broader goals of education, the teaching of the Catholic religion in all public schools below university level. Respecting the freedom of conscience and educational responsibility of parents, every one is guaranteed the right to choose whether or not to take advantage of such teaching. When enrolling, students or their parents can exercise this right, upon request of the school authorities and their choice may not give rise to any form of discrimination. 7. What is more is that when some disagreed and opposed this expression, the high court rejected the appeal and emphasized its acknowledgment of the agreement. The same thing happened in Spain. Despite the law that appeared in 1980 that stresses the freedom of religions and equality of the different religious sects, the state however allowed itself to make agreements and relationships with Churches 8, in addition to providing them with financial support that was declared on a text of law under what is called Not For Profit entities with charitable purposes. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_II_of_the_United_Kingdom#Religion See http://www.beginningwithi.com/italy/living/religion.htm See religion in Spain in Livingstone, E. A. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. London: Oxford University Press, 2006. Now In Greece, a very good example of contradicting with secularism, the state declares a direct relationship between the state and the church9, even after the democratic transition in the year 1975, for the religious institution exist with a legal text and under the law. Many practices and religious pacts take the form of a legal matter like religious marriages that is recognized by the law. Also, Greece is he only country that still refuses to have Islamic mosques built on its lands. The situation may differ a bit in Eastern Europe that was under the rule of communist regime systems which limited the role of churches and nationalized its possessions and properties. However, immediately after the fall of communism, the church in fact restored its properties and its position in society. Poland here might be the best example we can illustrate with in this case for it is clear the very important role that the church played in overthrowing the communist regime and starting to inaugurate a new regime with a pope agreement and the Vatican signed in 1995 by the parliament, and when Poland was obliged to legally distinguish between the state and the church in order to be able to join the European Union, Poland insisted on preserving its Christian identity through the name secular state with a Christian patrimony. 4. The position of the Vatican The longing for Christian identity of the united Europe was not however sought only by the member states but there has also been the power of the Vatican, the biggest and strongest religious institution in Europe and which put a lot of pressures and lobbied against the political leaderships and decision makers in the states and their representatives in the European Union to stress the Christian identity in the constitution.10 Before the ratification of the Maastricht Agreement in 1979, the Vatican suggested an idea to be added to the articles related to the rights and the general freedoms which is to mention in the constitution that Christianity is the Christian cultural patrimony of European peoples. This recommendation was refuse with the argument that the Vatican is 9. ibid 10. No better account of this extremism can be like Michael Barkuns Religion and the Racist Right: The Origins of the Christian Identity Movement which examines the origins and ideology of the so-called Christian Identity Movement. not a member of the European Union; yet, just before the Amsterdam conference of the same year Italy, Germany and Portugal adopted this suggestion and hence the Vatican practiced its pressures on representatives of the member states until he succeeded in adopting the article number 11 that stipulates the preservations and the privileges that churches and religious communities should have without the intervention of any states. Thus, with this ratification all the member states became obliged to abide with these privileges although this contradicts with secularism. Pressures and lobbying continued with the start of talks and discussions of the constitution project in order to modify and add in the article 11 some words that are to preserve the important role of the church through calling the Union to start honest and clear dialogues and in a constant manner with the churches and religious organizations. In Chapter III named The Vatican Power Avro Manhattan goes far in his huge well documented book The Vatican in World Politics and says that [.] the diplomatic machinery of the Vatican would be of little value if the Pope had to rely upon it alone. What gives the Vatican its tremendous power is not its diplomacy as such, but the fact that behind its diplomacy stands the Church, with all its manifold world-embracing activities. The Vatican as a diplomatic centre is but one aspect of the Catholic Church. Vatican diplomacy is so influential and can exert such great power in the diplomatic-political field because it has at its disposal the tremendous machinery of a spiritual organization with ramifications in every country of the planet. In other words, the Vatican, as a political power, employs the Catholic Church as a religious institution to assist the attainment of its goals. P 28. 11 It is worth mentioning also that before the conference related to the future of Europe was held, the Catholic academy in Berlin organized a meeting to discuss the Christian social responsibilities which gathered hundreds of personalities from twenty different European states. Among the recommendations was calls for demonstrations in the winter of 2004 that should be open to all those who are interested in the Christian message that the civil 11. See page 28 on Manhattan, A. The Vatican In World Politics. London: C.A. Watts Co., Limited Gaer Associations, Inc, 1949. society should base itself upon. The meeting stressed the importance of the European Union as a federal Union that encourages connections and cooperation which is a principle that allows churches to practice and play their roles without any hurdles from the state. The other controversy is hat these meetings and gatherings were welcomed by the institutions of the Union whose parliament supported and financed indirectly these meetings. In a parliament meeting dated October 10th 2004 related to the budget status of 2005, Salvador Garriga Polledo the Spanish politician and Member of the European Parliament with the PeopleHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peoples_Party_(Spain)HYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peoples_Party_(Spain)s Party, part of the European PeopleHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Peoples_PartyHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Peoples_Partys Party and sits on the European Parliaments Committee on Budgets and also a substitute for the Committee on Budgetary Control and the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs, Polledo suggested an adjustment which consists of transferring a million and a half Euros to finance the international Youth Day arguing that it is the day that gathers all European youth to call for values of justice, freedom and coexistence, without mentioning of course the truth of this gathering and that it was the German Catholic Church which was behind organizing this event and that they invited more than four thousand journalists to broadcast the words of the Pope of Vatican which he was going to deliver in front of eight thousand catholic youngsters. His words in fact contained some preaching that mention the Christian roots of Europe à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦and others related to Peace. For this reason, the head of the Catholic Church does not oppose the calls of both Catholics and orthodox to unify to defend their Christian heritage. In February 2003, John Paul II delivered a preach at the Saint-Sià ¨ge Church in the Vatican in front of the catholic politicians where he urged them to fight in order to keep the word of god in the constitution; he also urged them to unify with their orthodox brothers. A few Days after that call, the president of the papal board asked to meet with representatives of the Orthodox Church. It is clear then that the Vatican with its continuous pressures was able to unify all the right and left parties in Italy to call their representatives in the Union to mention the expression the Christian Patrimony in the constitution. This was parallel to many actions led by bishops and archbishops and secretary of the Vatican state to put many more pressures on the rest of the European Politicians. 5. Why Turkey Only?! One cannot understand the insistence on the Christian identity without the strong dissent and disagreement about Turkeys joining the European Union for all the arguments and proofs show that the main reason behind not accepting Turkey is for her being Islamic otherwise Turkey has all the necessary potentials and institutions to fit in the EU. As a matter of fact, Turkey is one of the founding states of the European council and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe in 1995. Turkey is also one of the pillars of the NATO and holds the biggest military after the US, this means that Turkey has the biggest Military in the western European Union that constitutes now a vital component of the European Military. It is not possible neither to deny Turkeys role in protecting Europe from the Eastern alliances during the cold war for it was the country that shared frontiers with Russia and then played a vital role in preventing Russias Military incursions and raids in the European lands. Turkey did equally the same in confronting the Russian maritime presence in the black sea. Turkey has no doubt an economic importance as well for Europe. It represents a big and new market and a gate for big European expected economic enlargements in the Middle East, Central Asia and the Caucasus. Through this Europe could control ways of transports of the Hydrocarbons, Oil and Gas from Iraq, Russia and Iran. It has also immense water resources in the time of expected wars on waters. There are also many political fears that Turkey will turn its back to Europe and go instead towards Asia and the Middle East especially Iran which would mean emphasizing its Islamic belonging and thus for Europe the Danger of the existence of a strong Islamic country on the frontiers of Europe. It is clear then that despite all these qualifications the right wing Christian parties in Europe insist to refuse the idea of Turkey joining the EU, which we can deduce now is because of the will to keep Europe unified with a Christian civilization and which would be threatened if Turkey with its 70 million inhabitants join the EU. These fears and worries are also explained by the fact that if Turkey joins the EU, this would lead to a big demographic transformation. Searching in the internet today one could easily find some propaganda films and documentaries about Muslim demographics and how immigration threatens the European existence, and as a matter of fact since 1990, 90 % of immigration towards Europe has been Islamic immigration 12; and while in France it is a 1.8 children per family, Muslims 8.1 per family which are not very plausible statistics. Claims that in some parts of European cities there are more mosques than churches are also not plausible. However the German government for example decided to talk publicly about this matter and said that while now there 52 millions Muslims in Europe, it will double in just 20 years. All this is considered to be an obstacle to the Christian Club. Some of the opposing European countries present many arguments from the past history of Turkey especially human rights, and racial ethnic minorities like the Armenian genocide in 1915, the persecution of Christians in 1955 and the invasion of Cyprus in 1973. So this resort to history is an argument to legitimize their fears. However, what is certain also is that these kinds of crimes and mistakes happened also in most of European countries. Some of these arguments might be true but these violations can also apply to many of the countries that joined the EU especially those related to public and general freedoms and rights especially the Easter European countries like Slovenia and Estonia and may be even some of western European countries also like Spain with the worse human rights records in violating minorities and immigrants rights with the most horrible ways like 12. See http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-3X5hIFXYU shooting them, torturing them and humiliating them. It is clear therefore that the EU has a specific and a systematic strategy to marginalizing Turkeys candidature to join the EU. In his Turkey and the EU: An Awkward Candidate for EU Membership, Arikan Harun wrote à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦In fact, the EU has developed an alternative approach towards Turkey, which can best be described as a containment strategy, designed to delay indefinitely the prospect of membership while anchoring Turkey in the European structure through a close relationsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦on the other hand [ pointing out ] to Turkeys failure to undertake the necessary policy reforms to meet requirements for EU membership which has enabled the EU to legitimize its hard policy stance towards Turkeys membership. P 2. 13 6. Conclusion The joining Turkey to the European Union poses more questions and problematic on the notion of Europeanization and Europeness which should as said the European Deputy in the European parliament, a peace project that should not be limited to the western Christian patrimony for the joining of Turkey will benefit Europe to a great extent. The definition of Europe through its Christian heritage or the Enlightenment era is not very convincing for there are no objective criteria that could define ones future and identity. So what is then Europe? It is what we want it to be through a subjective meaning of human rights and democracy which is in fact unsustainable since we have witnessed a war which is not very far n time, that of former Yugoslavia and also through the implication of many European countries with the CIA in kidnapping people and sending them to Guantanamo. The strategic importance of Europe in Central Asia and Middle East is clear and vital and so it is for the world. The challenge in my view will soon always be that continuous clash and dialectic between the regional and the global. The future alone will determine which path the White continent will take. 13. Arikan, H. Turkey and the EU: An Awkward Candidate for EU Membership. Ashgate Publishing, 2006.

Why should we stop supporting Israel :: essays research papers

The recent assassination of Sheik Saruman raises among some Americans the question—at what point should we reconsider our rather blanket support for the Israelis and show a more even-handed attitude toward the Palestinians? The answer, it seems to me, should be assessed in cultural, economic, political, and social terms. Well, we should no longer support Israel, when†¦ Mr. Sharon suspends all elections†¦plans a decade of unquestioned rule [and] suspends all investigation about fiscal impropriety as his family members spend millions of Israeli aid money in Paris. All Israeli television and newspapers are censored by the Likud party. Israeli hit teams enter the West Bank with the precise intention of targeting and blowing up Arab women and children. Preteen Israeli children are apprehended with bombs under their shirts on their way to the West Bank to murder Palestinian families. Israeli crowds rush into the street to dip their hands into the blood of their dead and march en masse chanting mass murder to the Palestinians. Rabbis give public sermons in which they characterize Palestinians as the children of pigs and monkeys. Israeli school textbooks state that Arabs engage in blood sacrifice and ritual murders. Mainstream Israeli politicians, without public rebuke, call for the destruction of Palestinians on the West Bank and the end to Arab society there. Likud party members routinely lynch and execute their opponents without trial. Jewish fundamentalists execute with impunity women found guilty of adultery on grounds that they are impugning the â€Å"honor† of the family. Israeli mobs with impunity tear apart Palestinian policemen held in detention. Israeli television broadcasts—to the tune of patriotic music—the last taped messages of Jewish suicide bombers who have slaughtered dozens of Arabs. Jewish marchers parade in the streets with their children dressed up as suicide bombers†¦ New Yorkers post $25,000 bounties for every Palestinian blown up by Israeli murderers. Israeli militants murder a Jew by accident and then apologize on grounds that they though he was an Arab—to the silence of Israeli society. Jews enter Arab villages in Israel to machine gun women and children. Israeli public figures routinely threaten the United States with terror attacks. Bin Laden is a folk hero in Tel Aviv. Jewish assassins murder American diplomats and are given de facto sanctuary by Israeli society. Israeli citizens celebrate on news that 3,000 Americans have been murdered. Israeli citizens express support for Saddam Hussein’s supporters in Iraq in their efforts to kill Americans. So until then, I think most Americans can see the moral differences in the present struggle.

Essay on Yeatsian and Western Influences on Chinua Achebes Things Fall

Yeatsian and Western Influences on Things Fall Apart      Ã‚   The Igbo culture is flexible and continuous; its laws are made by men and are not solid and permanent. Change is implicit in oral culture. Igbos have been able to retain their core beliefs and behavior systems for 5000 years because of the flexibility and adaptability of their culture. Yeats says things collapse from within before they are overwhelmed by things from without- Umuofia's collapse is its loss of faith, and that is also its strength, it's refusal to fight. But this self-destruction, this bending of societal codes is what keeps the culture from being annihilated. One fundamental question that occurs while trying to figure out how Yeats fits into an understanding of this book is whether or not things really do fall apart. From Okonkwo's point of view they certainly do, but Okonkwo's is not the only point of view in the book. Do things fall apart for the rest of the Umuofia tribes, and for the Ibo people, or does their center still hold, and it is just a center that they never shared with Okonkwo? It is important to look at the construction of the novel and the way it ties in with Yeatsian theory on the rise and fall of civilizations, and on personal tragedy.    The Yeatsian vision of Western history is of a world of "alternating civilizations, each giving way to one another through its inability to contain all human impulses within the enclosed scheme of value and being replaced by all that is overlooked and undervalued"(Wright 80). A fundamental principle of Yeats' vision is that things must "collapse from within before they are overwhelmed from without" (Wright 79). The falcon must lose the connection with the falconer before the center begins to l... ...escapeÉHe wiped his machete on the ground and went away" (205). An enduring aspect of the center of the Igbo people is the ability of that center to change and adapt. In an unchanging time, OkonkwoÕs inflexible will guaranteed his success as a clansman of the Igbo, a culture remarkable for its flexibility, but when the culture had to change to prosper, Okonkwo lost his center, and became a truly tragic figure.    Works Cited Kartennar, Neil ten. "How the Center is Made to Hold in Things Fall Apart." English Studies in Canada. Downsview, Ont. University of Toronto Press. 1975 Simola, Raisa. "World Views in Chinua AchebeÕs Works." Frankfurt am Main: New York. 1995. Wright, Derek. "Things Standing Together: A Retrospective on Things Fall Apart." Heinemann. Oxford; 1990. Chinua Achebe: A Celebration. Ed. Holst, Peterson. Rutherford.      

Mark Twain Essay -- essays research papers

Mark Twain, a Racist?Mark Twain was a man that was way ahead of his time. In a time when people were judged on color,Mark Twain grew up in Florida, Missouri (Mandelbrot, Twain). In Missouri and Louisiana combined there were less than one half a million white persons (Chang, Twain p. 21). Which meant the black population was abundant. While growing up Twain had no telegraph, no railroads, no stage lines of any consequence (Twain, www.marktwain.com). Also maps were scarcely ever found. So Twain didn’t really get to communicate with different people that were outside his little town. Twain was a sixth child so he had many siblings to look up too.When Twain was young he was kept indoors mostly because of his poor health. He stayed mostly in the house until he was about nine, when he seemed to recover and join the rest on the town’s children outside. Twain attended private school. He attended private school for the first time at the age of nine.Twain didn’t have very luxurious life growing up because his family was extremely poor. Because of his upbringing, Twain started believing that slavery was part of the natural order. Twain’s childhood may not have been luxurious but it was a curious childhood full of weird, fantastic impressions and many contradictory influences. Like his father never really being there for his kids. All of the children of that time were fond of the Negroes and confined in them. They would, in fact, have been lost without such protection and company. Slav...

Predictive Modeling Decision Tree

Predict ‘kicks’ or bad purchases using Carvana – Cleaned and Sampled. jmp file. Create a validation data set with 50% of the data. Use Decision Tree, Regression and Neural Network approached for building predictive models. Perform a comparative analysis of the three competing models on validation data set. Write down your final conclusions on which model performs the best, what is the best cut-off to use, and what is the ‘value-added’ from conducting predictive modeling?Upload the saved file with the assignment. I created 6 models for this project, which are DT1, DT2, Reg1, Reg2, Reg3, and NN. After testing, the parameters I used to predict â€Å"IsBadBuy† in all my models are: PurchDate, Auction, VehicleAge, Transmission, WheelType, VehOdo, All â€Å"MMRs†, VehBCost, IsOnlineSale, and WarrantyCost. Those parameters together can help me get better models (i. e. ROC Area > 0. 7) I used the cut-off of 0. 6, because after trying out other c ut-offs such as 0. 5, 0. 7, and 0. , the results were either â€Å"I’m eliminating too many Good Buys†, or â€Å"I’m accepting too many Bad Buys†. As we know, both of the situations will affect the business (i. e. if we want stronger confident of the model, we will have too many 0s in the result, which means we may accept more Bad Buys in accident). Finally, I decided to use 0. 6 as my cut-off to balance the situation. The best model I chose is Reg2 (Forward regression model). I have two reasons: First, Reg2 has the largest ROC Area in the Logistic Fit compression (Saved as â€Å"Lodistic1~6†), which is 0. 478; Second, it has a relatively low (the second smallest) number in the FalseNegative box from the Contingency Table among all models. For my second reason, I didn’t use overall accuracy because I think the FalseNegative will damage the business more than FalsePossitive does. Because accidentally having a BadBuy will cost the company to d o all require and fix job. For the Value-added calculation, as we can see in the Contingency tables (Saved as â€Å"Contingency 1~6†), the Baseline Accuracy is 49. 89. The accuracy of Reg2 is 82. 49. So the Reg2 provides the lift value of 82. 49/49. 89 = 1. 653.

My Dog Skip

English 101 09/17/2012 Gonzalo Garcia My dog skip When my english professor said to me that we was going to see â€Å"My dog Skip†, sincerely, I thought the film would be very boring. â€Å"the typical family film† I said. The only fact that glad me was that we went going to miss class. The praises that the professor said about the movie was useless, I thought that the movie would be boring. So, I started to see the movie. Soon I realized that the movie is not the comedy film, it is different.Little by little it begins to engage you until you cannot stop seeing the film. This movie does not look for too funny with a simple story line, easily jokes, and characters without evolution. My dog skip go far away showing a very good story line, an excellent soundtrack, and a excellent characters The story is set in 1942, town of Yazoo City, Mississippi during World War II. The story explores a family of three, Jack, Ellen, and Willie Morris. Willie is a shy boy. Ellen decides to go against father's orders and purchase Willie a faithful companion of his own for his birthday: a puppy.Although Jack firmly opposes this gift, his wife convinces him Willie is old enough to take care of a dog. Willie names his new friend Skip. The dog will become very well-known and popular among locals, and assist children to have higher self-confidence causing Willie make their first friends. The story line although it may seem simple in its approach is very deep and emotive. The story is about things like the value of friendship. For example, can be seen as the beginning of a child movie Willie is sad, lonely and left mauling by his classmates.But this situation is changing when he gives his dog skip and start having friends becoming someone much happier and self-confident. Another subject on which the film is about is the difficulty of integration that can have a young child due to continuing taunts that he receives from their peers. Causing great uncertainty in himself tha t prevents that he tries to relate to other children. At the beginning of the movie can be seen as Willie always is alone and with his head down due to its insecurity. This not only causes sadness in himself, also in their parents who feel the sadness of your child as much as the.Also another issue that the movie is about is that of a young man who gets involved in the war. In the film can be seen as both man that going to war and their loved ones and friends suffer by the uncertainty of whether he will return. This can be seen especially in the scene in which the bus returning from the army but they do not see the guy that they are expecting what causes them great sorrow. The best part of the movie is the final. When Willie is already elder and tells us the story of skip, is as Skip was our dog. It is very emotive. Is very difficult do not get excited with it.It is one of the best finals that I have never seen. Overall â€Å"My Dog Skip† has an excellent soundtrack. Always p erfectly accompanies the action. Generally is very quiet and leisurely helping to get involved more and more in the story line. This soundtrack gives as result some moments very emotional. For example when some men hit skip with a shovel and let him unconscious. Is likely to cry with this part. Other moment that stands out is when his mother gives Skip to Willie for first time and his father takes it away. In this part you feel sadness after they had seen the face of joy Willie and his later disappointment.Also must be emphasized the end of the movie already discussed above. In all these moments the soundtrack accompany action perfectly making us feel part of the movie. Finally, also must be emphasized that he characters also are very good. In general all characters are good, but in my opinion there are three characters that highlight over the rest: Jack is the heartbroken father who lost his leg in war years ago. Ellen is the simple minded housewife doing more manual labors than wo men usually complete. Willie, the protagonist with skip, is their lonely son-maybe ten years of age.He has no local friends, is poor at sports and teased at school. His best acquaintance is in his mid-twenties, a mechanic named Dink (Luke Wilson), who is called for battle not too long into the picture, leaving Willie all alone. Willie is the best character. He achieves get excited with his starring. For example, when he sees how one man hit Skip with one shovel. This scene is so hard that is almost impossible do not cry. Willie transmits his feelings very good, when he issad we are sad and when he is happy we are happy. This is the magic of this film. Moreover, we cannot forget Skip. He is only a dog, but I do not how I love him.May be, because I also had a dog, when I was younger and I fell identified with Willie and Skip. In conclusion, My dog Skyp is a very good film. Although at the beginning it seem a typical comedy film soon it engages you thanks to beautiful story, the good c haracters, and the emotive soundtrack. Every thing in the movie works good, there are not something that lower the lever. May be the only negative thing is that history is predictable. You know that something bad will happen to skip and that the finale will be sad. But the movie will remain in your memory during a lot of time, specially his fantastic finale.

Contemporary Philosophy Essay

On the first page of Being and Time, Heidegger describes the project in the following way: Our aim in the following treatise is to work out the question of the sense of being and to do so concretely. Heidegger claims that traditional ontology has prejudicially overlooked this question, dismissing it as overly general, indefinable, or obvious. Instead Heidegger proposes to understand being itself, as distinguished from any specific entities. †Being† is not something like a being. â€Å"Being, Heidegger claims, is â€Å"what determines beings as beings, that in terms of which beings are already understood. † Heidegger is seeking to identify the criteria or conditions by which any specific entity can show up at all. If we grasp Being, we will clarify the meaning of being, or â€Å"sense† of being, whereby â€Å"sense† Heidegger means that â€Å"in terms of which something becomes intelligible as something. † According to Heidegger, as this sense of being precedes any notions of how or in what manner any particular being or beings exist, it is pre-conceptual, non-propositional, and hence pre-scientific. Thus, in Heidegger’s view, fundamental ontology would be an explanation of the understanding preceding any other way of knowing, such as the use of logic, theory, specific ontology or act of reflective thought. At the same time, there is no access to being other than via beings themselves—hence pursuing the question of being inevitably means asking about a being with regard to its being. Heidegger argues that a true understanding of being can only proceed by referring to particular beings, and that the best method of pursuing being must inevitably, he says, involve a kind of hermeneutic circle, that is as he explains in his critique of prior work in the field of hermeneutics, it must rely upon repetitive yet progressive acts of interpretation. Thus, Heidegger also conceptualized that being with time prior of having that time alone. This means that we can’t have time by simply telling that time exists but we also need to have that sense of being or the individual being to say that time really exist. Time in other hand, makes a history because of that sense of being which Heidegger rely on with his work of the Time and Being.

Alcohol Abuse And Alcohol Dependence Essay

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders, Alcohol Abuse is defined as the harmful use of alcohol. Harmful use of Alcohol also implies the abusive use of alcohol and its physical and mental effects. Alcohol abusers according to the study are more prone to drink- seeking behaviors and alcohol tolerance. They can consume large amounts of alcohol to Alcohol abusers also have the psychological capacity to think of alcohol as a way to cure hangovers and exhibit the compulsion or the urge to drink or the compulsive need to consume alcohol. Those who exhibit alcohol abuse also show signs of alcohol abuse. Alcohol dependence is defined as a chronic disease that is influenced by the social and environmental factors. According to experts, Alcohol dependence is used by a person to avoid social and emotional problems in life. There are four signs of alcohol dependence: Constant craving for alcohol Withdrawal symptoms associated with the sudden stop of alcohol consumption Inability to stop alcohol consumption Alcohol tolerance Alcohol dependence brings about certain signs that show that a person is alcohol dependent: The urge to drink every morning Drinking alone and to feel comfortable around people Drinking to the point of experiencing blackout or results to intoxification Drinking to relieve tension or settle emotional or mental problems References Alcohol Dependence. (n.d.). Retrieved from The Health Authority: http://www.healthauthority.com/AlcoholDependence.htm   

Product Development Process Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Product Development Process - Assignment Example The new vision of product development is that of an extremely disaggregated process with people and organisations spread throughout the world (Holmes 1999). At the same time, products are becoming increasingly intricate and multifaceted with typical electro-mechanical products requiring close to a million engineering decisions to bring them to market (Eppinger 1998). Even software products like Microsoft Word or Netscape require disaggregated, but coordinated processes involving hundreds of developers (Cusumano and Yoffie 1998). Competitive pressures mean that time to market has been projected as essential to new product success as has marketing's direction towards customer needs and customer satisfaction (Smith and Reinertsen 1998). Because products are marketed throughout the world, firms face the tradeoff between standardisation for cost reduction and variety for satisfying an extensive set of customers. This has stretched the need for marketing to look beyond the single product t o focus on the product platform (Moore, Louviere and Verma 1999). The Product Products are often referred to as anything -- object or service -- that can be offered to a market in order to satisfy a customer's want or need (Kotler et al. 1996; ENDREA 2001) and product development is made up of a wide-ranging and distinctive continuum of activities, which need to be cohesive and interrelated so as to achieve an adequate and an acceptable process. Ulrich & Eppinger (2003) stated it as the set of activities beginning with the perception of a market opportunity and ending in the production, sale, and delivery of a product. Aside from the activities, there are several components, such as design engineers or other practitioners, management and goal system, working means, tools and equipment, information system and environment, identified by Hubka & Eder (1992), which influence the product development process. However, product development work is even more complex, since there also are external aspects, facets that are not intrinsic in the organisation, to consider, like the market), legislation and society that affect the product development process (Blessing 2002). To support coordination and planning of all these activities and components, guarantee quality, identify possible problem areas or improvements, a suitable, well-defined product development process is needed (Ulrich & Eppinger 2003). Andreasen & Hein (1986) have inferred an ideal model for product development activities (Illustration 1). The Integrated Product Development model is based on the three elements -- market, design and production, and the results of their activities need to be unified. The market should be investigated and defined, and a product, which is intended to satisfy the market, should be designed and eventually manufactured by the second and third elements. Illustration 1 -- Model of Integrated Product Development (Andreasen & Hein, 1987) Ulrich & Eppinger (2003) likewise offered a model of integrated product development - a generic development process, which depicted the progression of activities or steps that marketing, design and

The Global Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Global Economy - Essay Example According to McTaggart aggregate supply is defined as the total supply of goods and services by a national economy in a certain figure of the time. On the other hand, aggregate demand is the total demand of national economy for a certain period of time. Basic Economics suggests that the increase in price will directly affect supply and adversely affect demand. Thus, in the AD and AS diagram, AD follows a negative scope and AS illustrates a positive slope. All economic activities affect both AS and AD. This reality is important to understand before appraising the effects of all economic circumstances in other aspects. For the government, having low unemployment rate is a primary goal. Definitely, it is important for all individuals to have quality employment and for those not in the labor force to have ample opportunities to be employed. As the unemployment decreases, it is expected that most households have income. This results to higher demands and will eventually increase AD. The increase in AD generally improves the Gross Domestic Product since household consumption will also increase. Also, the income of the government is boosted because taxes in income will increase in the same manner as the taxes imposed on goods and services. In contrast, it has been noted that the decrease in the unemployment rate will have an effect on inflation. Inflation is defined as the increase in general prices as measured with the baseline of purchasing power. Usually, inflation is caused by the supply of money and the demand power of consumers.

Women and Advertisements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Women and Advertisements - Essay Example She tries to clarify her point by criticizing the advertising agencies and their aims to successfully sell a produce (Kilbourne 461). Kilbourne’s assertion towards commercial advertisement leaves us with no doubt that it is a wrong practice. Jean Kilbourne reasons that the use of female imagery in the making of advertisement is an act of belittling the morale and esteem of a woman. These advertisements are considered to be painting women as sexual objects, in several instances, and this might depict a woman as a person with no dignity or feelings but one that is only interested in achieving the objective set for her. Similarly, the image of Kerri Hugg relaxing in the arms of her couch depicts another side of female imagery opinion (Shari and Michael 739). This is considered as a complete difference from the female imagery displayed in Jean Kilbourne’s piece. Kilbourne argues that the use of female imagery for commercial advertisement is a way of violating women’s rights, particularly in the sense that these advertisements display women as objects and not equal beings to their male counterparts. The images of male and female athletes, nevertheless, have much more in common as compared to the images of female and male artists used in commercial advertisements. In several instances, the women who chose to do sports like athletics concentrate fully on the game and forget about their feminine essence. In such instances, they prefer winning most titles and becoming the best in their positions. It is thus so hard to spot a particular female athlete concentrating on her looks and beauty as opposed to any ordinary woman (Greene and Lindsky 125). The key reason behind this fact is that most women consider themselves equal to the task and thus, give it their best so as to be successful athletes. Subsequently, there are no key dissimilarities in the images of the female and male athletes. Several female athletes are well-built

Identity, Authority and Freedom; The Potentate and the Traveler by Essay

Identity, Authority and Freedom; The Potentate and the Traveler by Said Edward W - Essay Example He believes that the missing element of criticism which is lacking in academies or educational institutes in most parts of the world is something that needs to be added to academic life to resolve issues of politics which include race, gender, religion, national identity and culture. The fact is, that most people are convicted of stereotyping, being ethnocentric, geocentric or faced with a national superiority or a supremacy over other cultures (Said, 2005). Analysis and Evaluation The problem highlighted by the author here relates to identity, authority and freedom of speech and expression in the world in general. The fact that, nothing in this world is seen in isolation but is relative to other things or dependent on other elements such as culture, religion, geographic similarity, religion, nationality or politics. In light of social sciences and humanities, the author considers race, gender, ethnicity and religion as political factors that hinder learning and knowledge at all leve ls especially in the academia which is suffering from a lack of academic freedom as the author terms it. He believes that academics forms a basis of what the students would later be like once they leave the academic institute and the social, political and general environment is what defines their future and how they deal with adversities.

People for Ethical Treatment of Animals Term Paper

People for Ethical Treatment of Animals - Term Paper Example It carries out various campaigns around the world to stop cruelty and ill treatment towards animals. They believe that animals deserve the rights to have their best interests taken into great consideration. Its slogan is â€Å"animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, or use for entertainment.† The organization has three hundred employees and more than two million followers and supporters. PETA focuses on the four major areas where animals are subjected to suffer: In Research Laboratories In Garment Industry/Clothing Trade Entertainment Industry Factory Farms In addition, it deals with issues of killing animals in a cruel manner, the suffering of domestic animals, and the killing of birds and pests. Ingrid Newkirk states, â€Å"When it comes to feelings like hunger, pain, and thirst, a rat is a pig is a dog is a boy† (p. 4). In general, animal rights demands that all the animals should be used and treated humanely. Animals can be used for various types of purpos e, but the humane treatment and duty of care lies mainly with the human being. Like the animal rights theory, it upholds that we have no ethical explanation for using nonhuman animals for human purposes. The main aim of animal rights is to get rid of the use of animals. PETA encourages veganism, a philosophy of rights of animals far more fundamental than vegetarianism. Veganism is a strict vegetarian that does not eat any animal or dairy products at all. PETA also protests in opposition to animal testing of various types of cosmetics that apply to animals’ skin or eyes to test for protection and toxicity. Many companies such as, Johnson and Johnson, Proctor & Gamble, and L’Oreal all use animal testing for their products. Through PETA’s ongoing protests, many companies have stopped the use of animals for experimentation. Method: This organization has helped diminish the cruelty of animals through public education, cruelty investigations, research, animal rescue, special events, celebrity involvement, and protest campaigns. PETA also uses various celebrities for most of their assertive promotion and campaign activity with the intention to grab their audiences’ attention. Such celebrities are, Drew Barrymore, Pamela Anderson, Stella McCartney, Alicia Silverstone, Khloe Kardashian, and Alec Baldwin. PETA activists work hard for the rights of the animals. They educate the people about the sufferings of the animals. They make sure that people know how animals are treated in research laboratories, farming enterprises, and other areas where they are used. If they find any animal being subjected to cruelty, they figure out a plan to rescue it or grab attention. PETA adapts different schemes for its publicity. One could say that its publicity pattern has played a major role in getting such a huge response from people all around the world. Their slogans are thought provoking. â€Å"Meat is murder,† â€Å"I’d rather go naked than wear fur† are some of the slogan that have grabbed a lot of public attention. The organization aims at the eradication of cruelty to animals. They known all the tactics needed in pulling the crowd, some of which include the use of short phrases, eye-catching images, and banners. They would discuss some issues related to animals in their chat show, organize debates and also try to involve as many people as possible. PETA

Organizational Behavior in Axle Color Studio Essay - 3

Organizational Behavior in Axle Color Studio - Essay Example The employees are categorized based on the roles performed in the salon. Therefore, the Axle Color Studio workforce consists of two owners namely Jackie Williams and Alex Williams, 1 manager, 1 assistant manager, 5 stylists, and 3 assistants. Further, the team also found out that the workforce was homogenous consisting of 10 women and 2 men from different backgrounds. In addition, the age limit of all the employees was between 19 and 35 years old. Secondly, our team was able to point out several issues regarding how the organization motivates the workforce in the organization. The owners of Axle Color Studio motivate the employees through various methods that include setting and monitoring goals where employees are motivated to know that they can achieve specific goals that are set in the organization, setting performance standards associated with the career path and pay rise of employees and establishment of effective communication channels. The effective communication channels motivate the employees since they can freely communicate to the management in addition to providing a platform for effective conflict resolution in the workplace. Lastly, our team found out that the organization also faces different types of conflicts like other big organization. Through the interview contacted in the organization, Alex and Jackie informed our team that the most common form of conflict in the organization is the relationship conflict. However, the owners of Axle Color Studio were quick to point out that the conflict emanated mostly from personal relationships outside the business. The other type of conflict identified was task conflict where the content of work overlaps with each other. In this case, Alex and Jackie pointed out that there were low levels of task conflict within their organization.

Making monstor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Making monstor - Essay Example In the book Monsters of Our Own Making: The Peculiar Pleasures of Fear by Marina Warner is divided into three chapters. The first section, â€Å"Scaring† discusses the monster in this book which is the bogeyman. The chapter looks at the question â€Å"who eats and who gets eaten† the author uses this to explore the characters of monsters. Warner also explores fear that is brought about by the world. The monster in this chapter is Erlking also regarded as the King of the Alders who woos a boy riding with his father in the dark forest. The boy recognizes the danger facing him but his father does not see any form of danger. He uses every trick to attract the boy. The story end up with the death of the boy when they reached home. Erlking is the monster in this book because he is being persistent to get what he wants, in this case, something that will cause harm to the other person. The Erlking keeps requesting the boy to go with him with his words keeping on deepening each time (Warner, pg. 23). The Erlking even uses false promises that the daughters will be the boy’s lovely attendant with the aim of getting the boy. He eventually gets impatient and indicates that if the boy is not willing, he will use force. He finally seizes the boy. The deep voice also indicates that the creature is not natural and that it has supernatural powers. This Erlking is regarded as a monster because it instills fear on people. Forcefully taking a boy or boys who are moving through the forest is an act of spreading fear among people throughout the region. This character brings the aspect of death because a reader assumes that people taken face death which brings fear to all young people. It also brings fear among parents who face the tragedy of losing their children to the Erlking. He is a cold blooded creature that every person fears (Asma). Erlking is monstrous because he possesses the power to

Capstone Essay Example for Free

Capstone Essay

HR Employee Development & Workplace Learning Essay Example for Free

HR Employee Development Workplace Learning Essay Human resource development and knowledge is extremely essential for the success of an organization because HRD reflects upon the objectives and goals of the business which can be achieved through proper human resource planning and management activities and also through implementing the most effective human resource learning theories such as behaviorism theory and situated theory of learning which enhances the skills and talents of the employees to a great extent. (Allan, C. Greg J. Bamber, Nils Timo.. , 2006). It is extremely important for all organizations and managers to acknowledge the fact that the highly competitive business environment of today’s world mainly focuses upon the efficient use of human resources through learning and training them so that they can produce the maximum in a given time rate. Therefore, managers should clearly understand that they need to concentrate all their efforts into obtaining the best from their human resources. Butteriss,M. , 1998). Human resource development and management has always been a topic of discussion. Companies over many decades have tried to understand the complexities of human resource management and many researchers, analyst and great managers have come up with various theories and ideas to deal with this issue. (John B. P, 2009). To go forward with the discussion of HR development, we should first of all clearly understand what appropriate human resources are. Appropriate human resources refer to the individuals within the organization who make a valuable contribution to management system goal attainment. Research into this matter has proven that production in all businesses is accomplished by effective human resource interaction and combination of human resource management and theories. (Sheehan, C. , Peter Holland, Helen De Cieri. , 2006). Research has proven that if employee management and performance management (appraisal) works side by side then no problem can stop the organization from going towards success. For example, if through employee training and learning and training theories, the performance and output of the worker is evaluated then that knowledge regarding the workers performance can help the organization in giving bonuses and rewards to the worker for his dedication, motivation and hard work. (Bray, M. and Peter Waring. , 2006). For instance, a worker’s performance is checked through the performance appraisal system and it proves that the worker is very efficient and hardworking, then that worker can be awarded rewards and bonus for his efficiency and effectiveness. Peetz, D. , 2005) Extensive research into this matter has also proven that if organizations only focus on building and training their employees and do not focus on any program of performance check or management then these organizations will not be able to achieve effective results in the long run. This is because employees need to be constantly checked in order to find out whether they are working with dedi cation and motivation or whether their skills have become outdated or not. Leaving employees totally on their own can lead to disastrous effects. Performance management has become extremely popular in the recent years because its worth and value has been recognized by most organizations nowadays. Human resource managers now clearly understand that without appraising the performance of their workforce they can never find out how productive and effective their workforce is. Moreover, performance appraisal also allows the organization to give bonuses to their employees for good performance and to motivate them more for the future. Research shows that due to performance appraisals nowadays employees are dealt with strictly when they come late to work on a regular basis. Therefore, performance appraisal immediately makes the employees more efficient and effective and ends any kind of laid back behavior that they already had towards their work. (Mamman, A. and Christopher J Rees. , 2005) HR Management and development comprises of not only employee training but it consists of a broader aspect of employee development, learning and education. Through research, it has been found that the employees who have obtained extensive training, learning and development education are the most efficient and effective ones to work in today’s highly competitive business environment HR management basically tries to build the skills and work tasks of the employees so that they can give maximum success and productivity to the organization for which they work. (Ghai, D. ; Hewitt, C. , 1994) Research proves that the accuracy and fairness of the performance appraisal of employees keeps changing every now and then because the role of HR management itself is continuously changing all over the world due to a multiple reasons. (Hicks, N. L. ,1993) Furthermore, the recent crisis the world is facing namely, the War on Terror, has greatly affected the financial condition of the economy of the world due to which oil prices have increased, unemployment has increased, corruption has risen, privatization and consumerism has taken place and all these policies have had a very strong impact upon HRD as it changes to reduce employee stress. Freeman, C. ; Soete, L. , 1993). There are many theories given by a lot of renowned scholars on various issues of HR Management. Two of them are Behaviorism Theory and the other is the Situated Theory. These two theories play a major role in enhancing a trainer’s understanding of the learning process. The Theory of behaviourism is useful for the development of competencies and also for exhibiting technical skills. This is a learning theory and is most advantageous when a change in behavior of a worker is desired. This theory is really helpful for all the major organizations in the world as it plays an important role in judging the attitudes of the employees. Behaviourism is actually a model of training for employees. The systematic training designs, training objectives, computer or electronically device based learning, and also competencies are all a major part of behaviorist learning theory. There are few assumptions related to this learning theory which are to be given importance in order to implement it in an organization.

Story Titled The Accident

Story Titled The Accident When we about to sit in a car, we usually take safety for granted. Many people dont even realize the dangers when driving from one place to another. Driving has become routine. People cant predict the dangers they face when driving, or even the tragic and disastrous moment when something goes wrong. I get asked this question quiet often, Why I am so scared to drive a car? August 6th 2007 is the date that I will never forget; that day changed my life. My perception, my thinking and social life was affected. It was the day when Ali got his license. It was 3:00 A.M in the morning, the air was misty, freezing and dark, and the streets lights were barely on. The streets were deserted and empty as if no one existed. It felt as if we were the only people in this city. There was a feeling of freedom but then something evil began to take its place, we decided to race. Even though the road was bumpy and uneven, the race seemed like a brilliant idea. Speeding up to 110mph we did not care about anything except going faster. It was fun and as far as I can recall, I was really enjoying it. Until the moment I turned my head to the right and saw Ali pointing with a smile, better keep up boy he said, this picture kept playing in my head constantly; at that very instant I felt the something wrong was about to happen. With fear I reduced my speed; just before I began slowing down, I heard a bang Alis car had flipped over, and the screech of grinding metal filled the empty streets. I used all my force to stop the car and get out. As the front wheel spun freely and oil was dripping to the ground, shards of the glass and other debris littered the crash scene like a pià ±ata spilled candy after being struck. My heart was beating rapidly, and my mind felt as if it was frozen. I rushed towards the car and saw Ali struggling with pain as cold as death itself screaming for help; his face was covered with blood and his hand was stuck behind his back. He was jammed in a very awkward position. I tried to help, and kept trying until I realized my help was not sufficient I needed more hands. Thinking of whom to call, I knew the best thing at that time was to try to keep him calm. I quickly dialed Alis residence. I called five times and every time the answering machine went on. Frustrating and panic filled my head. I then dialed the police. Thankfully, they were there in five minutes, but those five minutes felt like years. Watching Ali struggle with pain was disturbing; I felt helpless and des perately wanted this situation to end. Ali was finally dragged out of the car and was rushed to the Hospital; his condition was bad because too much blood had been lost. I finally got through to Alis parents. After an hour inside the emergency room the doctors were finally out, and what I was about to hear was something that changed my life. His spinal chord had broken. The doctors believed that he might not be able to walk. This was a very sad moment; his mother was crying hysterically, I still remember her saying no, no, no this cant be. Mr. Khan was constantly trying to comfort her, and she looked at me and shook her head with disappointment. At that very moment I felt that it was all because of me. I felt that I was not mature enough or responsible enough. I felt I had betrayed his parents; his mother always used to tell me to look after Ali. She thought I was the responsible one; it was hard to stand even a second there of her stare. Ali was not the same; we never hung out the way we used to. He was quiet and lost in his thoughts, and whenever I went to his house, he would tell his mother that he didnt want to meet me. He used to sit at home crying with disappointment when his attempt to walk failed. Every time I looked at him the picture of the crash kept playing in my head and his struggle to walk and his depression made me feel guilty every time I saw him. Eventually a gap started developing, and soon Alis isolation made him feel that I was the sole reason for this accident. The rare calls from Ali had stopped; months had passed and one day I found out Ali had moved to Dubai. I used to wonder if I am or ever will be same the person I used to be. He made a difference in my life by always being there for me and caring about me. I used to be a happy and optimistic person. My closest friend Ali made a major impact on my life; it was a major shock; that guy used to be my best friend; we hung out together; we were partners and did almost everything together. This accident that was an act of immaturity, caused an event because of which I not only lost a friend, but a great person who was also a good athlete lose his legs. The worst part is that he still feels its all because of me. His suspetition made a big impact on my life; I used to doubt myself and my ability to make friends. I got so afraid that sometimes I didnt even feel like tracing and locating him because I feel that even if I try to clarify myself it wont make a big difference; I stayed quiet most of the time and getting along with people wasnt my thing, I think it was all because I was conscious and I feared that I might end up hurting someone else. Through all of these thoughts and feelings, an annoying voice in the back of my head kept making feel that something could be wrong, that something or somewhere I must have gone wrong. Now four years have passed and I have no Idea of what Ali is up to, I never called nor I ever received a call from him, but now my views have changed. The car accident is and will always be a major moment in my life, it made me realize that God has a plan for every one and there is a hidden message behind everything. I had a great friend and probably best times in my life. Our life changes every second, this accident made me realize to value every single moment has as if it was my last, because its really difficult to predict when it all will be over.